Infertility can be heartbreaking, confusing, and emotionally draining. Whether you are planning for your first child or trying again after years, understanding the causes of infertility is the first step to finding the right solution.
According to the World Health Organisation, 1 in 6 people worldwide now experience infertility during their lifetime. In India, the prevalence ranges from 15% to 20% among couples of reproductive age, as reported by ICMR.
Both men and women can face fertility challenges, and identifying the underlying reason can make all the difference. In this blog, we explore the leading female infertility causes, male infertility causes, and shared conditions that affect both.
What Is Infertility?
Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after 12 months (or 6 months for women above 35) of regular, unprotected sex. It also includes cases of recurrent miscarriage or difficulty carrying a pregnancy to full term.
“A case study published in Dr Batra’s® Coffee Table Book features a couple from Chennai who spent lakhs on IUI and IVF without success. After turning to homeopathy at Dr Batra’s®, they were blessed with a baby boy within 14 months of personalised treatment at the Purusaiwalkam clinic, without the financial or emotional burden of conventional treatments.”
According to ICMR, around 15 to 20% of Indian couples face infertility, yet most delay seeking help due to stigma or lack of awareness.
What are the causes of Infertility in Females
Female fertility depends on healthy ovaries, open fallopian tubes, and a well-functioning uterus. Disruptions in any of these areas can cause infertility.
Leading female infertility causes include:
- Ovulation disorders like PCOS
- Endometriosis affecting the uterus lining
- Thyroid imbalances (hypo- or hyperthyroidism)
- Blocked fallopian tubes from infections or surgery
- Uterine abnormalities (fibroids, polyps)
- Early menopause or low ovarian reserve
- Unhealthy BMI (obesity or being underweight)
- High stress and emotional trauma
Dr Batra’s® pro tip:
“Infertility is not always just a physical condition. Stress, unresolved trauma, or unhealthy lifestyle habits can silently impact your reproductive system. Early evaluation and a holistic approach often prevent long-term emotional and medical distress.”
What are the Causes of Infertility in Males?
Fertility in men is mainly influenced by the quantity and quality of sperm. Disruptions in sperm production, delivery, or hormonal balance can result in infertility.
Common male infertility causes include:
- Low sperm count or poor sperm motility
- Varicocele (swelling of veins in the scrotum)
- Hormonal disorders like low testosterone
- Infections affecting the reproductive tract
- Previous surgeries or testicular injury
- Lifestyle habits like smoking, alcohol, and exposure to heat or chemicals
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